If you choose economics, you’ll learn the fundamental forces that shape our societies. Exploring scarcity, choice, and resource allocation, economics teaches you the tools to understand complex economic systems.
The subject has two main focuses:
- microeconomics – looks at households, businesses, and industries
- macroeconomics – looks at the economy as a whole
The study of economics opens many career paths, including roles in finance, consulting, government, and international organisations. You could end up at the forefront of economic policy, financial analysis, and strategic decision-making, contributing to economy growth on a global scale. It's important to be aware that studying economics is heavily reliant on quantitative maths skills, so this is an important aspect to prepare yourself for and highlight in your personal statement. An economics education paves the way for impactful careers, where you can be a part of shaping economic landscapes and addressing contemporary challenges.
The impact you could make
- Contribute to the development and evaluation of public policies.
- Drive business success by applying economic analysis to strategic decision-making.
- Play a part in positive economic change on a global scale.
What you could study
- Macroeconomics
- Microeconomics
- Probability and statistics
- Mathematics for economists
- Programming for economists
- Econometrics
Chat to a current economics student
Chat to a current economics student using UniBuddy.
Some conversation starters for you:
- Ask which modules they really enjoyed.
- Find out how easy it was for them to make friends on their course.
- Do they have any tips on your personal statement?
- Did they do anything to prep for uni before they went?
- Are there books, podcasts or YouTube channels they would recommend?
Example module
Example project
Subjects it's useful to have studied first
Some economics courses or apprenticeships will have requirements for previous qualifications in certain subjects. Entry requirements vary, so always check with the provider.
Business
Maths
Statistics
Hard skills you'll develop
- Master statistical and mathematical techniques for analysing economic data
- Financial analysis skills to evaluate the performance of businesses
- Market research, including survey design, data collection, and analysis economic forecasting, including time series analysis and prediction methods
Soft skills you'll develop
- Attention to detail, particularly in data analysis and research
- Presentation skills to articulate economic findings and recommendations
- Ethical reasoning skills
- Problem-solving skills to address complex economic challenges
Careers: Where it can take you
Find out more about your career prospects from studying economics. The following information is based on a typical economics professional role.Available jobs
Average salary
Career options
Information and communication technology

What is a… strategic innovation consultant?
Strategic innovation consultants collaborate with organisations to identify opportunities for growth, assess market trends, and develop creative strategies to stay ahead in competitive industries. Their role involves analysing economic data to uncover insights, applying economic principles to forecast market changes, and proposing innovative solutions to enhance business performance. This exciting career is a great opportunity to blend economic analysis with strategic thinking to contribute to the evolution and success of businesses in an ever-changing landscape.
Find your ideal career
Take our careers quiz to find your ideal job matched to your personality type.Getting in: Entry requirements
Find out more about what you'll need to study economics at university or as an apprenticeship.
Average requirements for undergraduate degrees
Entry requirements differ between university and course, but this should give you a guide to what is usually expected from economics applicants.
A levels
Vocational
Scottish highers

Business and administration apprenticeships
Check out our industry guide to help you decide if a business and administration apprenticeship might be the right choice for you.Other subjects you may be interested in
Considering an apprenticeship?
Applying for an apprenticeship is just like applying for a normal job. Here’s what you need to know:
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Deadline
Apprenticeships don't follow the same deadlines as applying to uni, the deadline is down to the employer. -
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Where to apply
You apply directly through the employer. -
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No limits
You're not restricted to one apprenticeship application; you can do as many as you like. -
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Apply to university and apprenticeships
There's nothing stopping you applying to university through UCAS, while also applying for apprenticeship vacancies. -
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Find out more

Apprenticeship vacancies
Check out live apprenticeship vacancies in business and administration.Explore further
Go deeper into topics around economics with the following:-
1
Economic Observatory
Follow all the conversations happening in the world of economics. -
2
The Economist Podcasts
Listen to episodes around current affairs, business and finance, science and technology, and global issues. -
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Keep up-to-date with the latest news
Find all the latest news and research on the Royal Economics Society website.
Application advice
Whether it's personal statement tips or what to write in a cover letter for an apprenticeship application, our advice will help you get ahead in your economics journey.Skills, experiences, and interests to mention
- Be sure to highlight any instances where you applied analytical skills in your studies as this is an essential skill for economics.
- Maths is also an important subject so mention your ability in successfully applying mathematical concepts.
- How aware are you of current economic issues and trends? How do you make sure you’re informed about global economic events?
- Do you have any experience of leadership? That could be leading study groups, organising events or maybe even joining societies or clubs related to economics.
- What difference do you want to make in the world and how would studying economics help you achieve that goal?
